The creditor collects the rent income to pay the amounts that are past due.

Notice, delivered by a bailiff, indicating that the building is being sold by the creditor for the recovery of amounts owed.

In popular terms, the debtor gives the keys to the creditor, due to his inability to meet his obligations.

Unlike voluntary surrender, it is the court that orders by a judgment that the keys be handed over to the creditor within 10 days.

Mortgage granted, in favour of the owner, to a commercial creditor or endorser of a business. The nature of the mortgage is described: to secure credit - for bail - as security

Mortgage guaranteeing the supply of materials or work performed by a contractor, a subcontractor, or an architect.

Legal hypothecs filed following a court ruling.

Hypothecs registered by the revenue agencies to guarantee payments of tax debts (GST, QST, personal/business taxes).

Hypothecs registered by the revenue agencies to guarantee support payments (revenue laws, social assistance, spousal or child support payments).

Hypothecs registered by municipalities to guarantee payment of municipal or property tax debts.

Hypothecs registered by school boards to ensure payment of school tax debts.

Acquisition of a building by a company.

First step for a creditor to recover the late sums due to him from the debtor.

The debtor has 60 days to pay the amounts. The next step is normally to hand over the keys (voluntary surrender or judgment of surrender).

The creditor takes over the property (usually multi-dwellings) and administers it in order to collect rents.

The creditor takes over the property and sells it to a willing buyer.

The creditor takes over the property and has it sold under judicial authority, usually by a bailiff.